Which factor most affects the speed of an object thrown overhand?

The speed of an object thrown overhand is significantly influenced by hip rotation. This is because effective throwing involves a kinetic chain, where energy is transferred from larger muscle groups to smaller ones. The hips generate much of the initial force as they rotate, allowing the upper body to follow through effectively. This rotation allows the thrower to utilize the strength of the legs and core, enhancing the overall speed of the throw.

The coordination and timing of this hip movement play a crucial role in maximizing the velocity at which the hand releases the object. A powerful hip rotation can effectively generate momentum that is transferred through the torso and into the arm, culminating in a faster throw. Consequently, while elements like upper body strength, wrist flick, and arm length contribute to overall throwing mechanics, the rotation of the hips is fundamental in producing higher speed during an overhand throw.