Which hormone is released by the hypothalamus at the onset of sexual maturity?

The hormone that is released by the hypothalamus at the onset of sexual maturity is Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). This hormone plays a crucial role in initiating the process of puberty and regulating the reproductive system.

When GnRH is released, it stimulates the pituitary gland to produce and secrete two key hormones: luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). These hormones are essential for the development of the reproductive organs and the onset of secondary sexual characteristics. For example, in males, it stimulates the production of testosterone, while in females, it influences the production of estrogen and plays a role in the menstrual cycle.

Understanding the role of GnRH is important in the context of sexual maturity, as it is the trigger that activates the entire reproductive hormone cascade, leading to the physical and physiological changes associated with puberty.